Integrand size = 15, antiderivative size = 520 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}{3 a b^{2/3} \left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}-\frac {2}{3 a \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} x^2}-\frac {\sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a^{2/3}+\frac {b^{2/3}}{x^2}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} a^{2/3} b^{2/3} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a^{2/3}+\frac {b^{2/3}}{x^2}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{3} a^{2/3} b^{2/3} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}}} \]
-2/3/a/x^2/(a+b/x^3)^(1/2)+2/3*(a+b/x^3)^(1/2)/a/b^(2/3)/(b^(1/3)/x+a^(1/3 )*(1+3^(1/2)))+2/9*(a^(1/3)+b^(1/3)/x)*EllipticF((b^(1/3)/x+a^(1/3)*(1-3^( 1/2)))/(b^(1/3)/x+a^(1/3)*(1+3^(1/2))),I*3^(1/2)+2*I)*2^(1/2)*((a^(2/3)+b^ (2/3)/x^2-a^(1/3)*b^(1/3)/x)/(b^(1/3)/x+a^(1/3)*(1+3^(1/2)))^2)^(1/2)*3^(3 /4)/a^(2/3)/b^(2/3)/(a+b/x^3)^(1/2)/(a^(1/3)*(a^(1/3)+b^(1/3)/x)/(b^(1/3)/ x+a^(1/3)*(1+3^(1/2)))^2)^(1/2)-1/3*(a^(1/3)+b^(1/3)/x)*EllipticE((b^(1/3) /x+a^(1/3)*(1-3^(1/2)))/(b^(1/3)/x+a^(1/3)*(1+3^(1/2))),I*3^(1/2)+2*I)*(1/ 2*6^(1/2)-1/2*2^(1/2))*((a^(2/3)+b^(2/3)/x^2-a^(1/3)*b^(1/3)/x)/(b^(1/3)/x +a^(1/3)*(1+3^(1/2)))^2)^(1/2)*3^(1/4)/a^(2/3)/b^(2/3)/(a+b/x^3)^(1/2)/(a^ (1/3)*(a^(1/3)+b^(1/3)/x)/(b^(1/3)/x+a^(1/3)*(1+3^(1/2)))^2)^(1/2)
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.
Time = 10.02 (sec) , antiderivative size = 52, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.10 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=\frac {2 x \sqrt {1+\frac {a x^3}{b}} \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (\frac {5}{6},\frac {3}{2},\frac {11}{6},-\frac {a x^3}{b}\right )}{5 b \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}} \]
(2*x*Sqrt[1 + (a*x^3)/b]*Hypergeometric2F1[5/6, 3/2, 11/6, -((a*x^3)/b)])/ (5*b*Sqrt[a + b/x^3])
Time = 0.53 (sec) , antiderivative size = 543, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.04, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.333, Rules used = {858, 819, 832, 759, 2416}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{x^3 \left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2}} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 858 |
| \(\displaystyle -\int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x}d\frac {1}{x}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 819 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} x}d\frac {1}{x}}{3 a}-\frac {2}{3 a x^2 \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 832 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\int \frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{\sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{\sqrt [3]{b}}}{3 a}-\frac {2}{3 a x^2 \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 759 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\int \frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{\sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {2+\sqrt {3}} \sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a^{2/3}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b}}{x}+\frac {b^{2/3}}{x^2}}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} b^{2/3} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}}}}{3 a}-\frac {2}{3 a x^2 \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2416 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {\frac {2 \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}{\sqrt [3]{b} \left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} \sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a^{2/3}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b}}{x}+\frac {b^{2/3}}{x^2}}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [3]{b} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}}}}{\sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {2+\sqrt {3}} \sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a^{2/3}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b}}{x}+\frac {b^{2/3}}{x^2}}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} b^{2/3} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}} \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \left (\sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )}{\left (\left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{a}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b}}{x}\right )^2}}}}{3 a}-\frac {2}{3 a x^2 \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{x^3}}}\) |
-2/(3*a*Sqrt[a + b/x^3]*x^2) + (((2*Sqrt[a + b/x^3])/(b^(1/3)*((1 + Sqrt[3 ])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)) - (3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*a^(1/3)*(a^(1/3) + b ^(1/3)/x)*Sqrt[(a^(2/3) + b^(2/3)/x^2 - (a^(1/3)*b^(1/3))/x)/((1 + Sqrt[3] )*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)^2]*EllipticE[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3 )/x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(b^(1/3)*Sqrt[ a + b/x^3]*Sqrt[(a^(1/3)*(a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x))/((1 + Sqrt[3])*a^(1/3) + b ^(1/3)/x)^2]))/b^(1/3) - (2*(1 - Sqrt[3])*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[3]]*a^(1/3)*(a^(1/ 3) + b^(1/3)/x)*Sqrt[(a^(2/3) + b^(2/3)/x^2 - (a^(1/3)*b^(1/3))/x)/((1 + S qrt[3])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)^2]*EllipticF[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(3^(1/4) *b^(2/3)*Sqrt[a + b/x^3]*Sqrt[(a^(1/3)*(a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x))/((1 + Sqrt[3 ])*a^(1/3) + b^(1/3)/x)^2]))/(3*a)
3.21.53.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3]], s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[2*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[3]]*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s *x + r^2*x^2)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(3^(1/4)*r*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s* ((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticF[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] & & PosQ[a]
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-( c*x)^(m + 1))*((a + b*x^n)^(p + 1)/(a*c*n*(p + 1))), x] + Simp[(m + n*(p + 1) + 1)/(a*n*(p + 1)) Int[(c*x)^m*(a + b*x^n)^(p + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a , b, c, m}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && LtQ[p, -1] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m, p , x]
Int[(x_)/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3] ], s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[(-(1 - Sqrt[3]))*(s/r) Int[1/Sqrt[a + b*x ^3], x], x] + Simp[1/r Int[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/Sqrt[a + b*x^3], x], x ]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a]
Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> -Subst[Int[(a + b/x^n)^p/x^(m + 2), x], x, 1/x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, p}, x] && ILtQ[n, 0] && Int egerQ[m]
Int[((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = N umer[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c)]], s = Denom[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c) ]]}, Simp[2*d*s^3*(Sqrt[a + b*x^3]/(a*r^2*((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x))), x] - S imp[3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*d*s*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s*x + r^2*x^2)/( (1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(r^2*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s*((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt [3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticE[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3]) *s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && PosQ[a] && Eq Q[b*c^3 - 2*(5 - 3*Sqrt[3])*a*d^3, 0]
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 2702 vs. \(2 (388 ) = 776\).
Time = 0.44 (sec) , antiderivative size = 2703, normalized size of antiderivative = 5.20
2/3/((a*x^3+b)/x^3)^(3/2)/x^5*(a*x^3+b)/a^2*(I*3^(1/2)*(1/a^2*x*(-a*x+(-a^ 2*b)^(1/3))*(I*3^(1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3)+2*a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3))*(I*3^(1/2)*(-a ^2*b)^(1/3)-2*a*x-(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*a^2*x^3+4*I*(x*(a*x^3+b))^(1/2)*( -(I*3^(1/2)-3)*x*a/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*((I*3^(1/2)* (-a^2*b)^(1/3)+2*a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3))/(1+I*3^(1/2))/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^ (1/2)*((I*3^(1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3)-2*a*x-(-a^2*b)^(1/3))/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x +(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*EllipticE((-(I*3^(1/2)-3)*x*a/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x+ (-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2),((I*3^(1/2)+3)*(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(1+I*3^(1/2))/(I*3^(1/ 2)-3))^(1/2))*(-a^2*b)^(2/3)*3^(1/2)*x-4*(x*(a*x^3+b))^(1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3 )*(-(I*3^(1/2)-3)*x*a/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*((I*3^(1/ 2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3)+2*a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3))/(1+I*3^(1/2))/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3) ))^(1/2)*((I*3^(1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3)-2*a*x-(-a^2*b)^(1/3))/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(- a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*EllipticF((-(I*3^(1/2)-3)*x*a/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a *x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2),((I*3^(1/2)+3)*(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(1+I*3^(1/2))/(I*3^ (1/2)-3))^(1/2))*a*x^2+6*(x*(a*x^3+b))^(1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3)*(-(I*3^(1/2)-3 )*x*a/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*((I*3^(1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3 )+2*a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3))/(1+I*3^(1/2))/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3)))^(1/2)*((I*3^( 1/2)*(-a^2*b)^(1/3)-2*a*x-(-a^2*b)^(1/3))/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/ 3)))^(1/2)*EllipticE((-(I*3^(1/2)-3)*x*a/(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(-a*x+(-a^2*b)^(1/3 )))^(1/2),((I*3^(1/2)+3)*(I*3^(1/2)-1)/(1+I*3^(1/2))/(I*3^(1/2)-3))^(1/...
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 65, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.12 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, {\left (b x \sqrt {\frac {a x^{3} + b}{x^{3}}} + {\left (a x^{3} + b\right )} \sqrt {b} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (0, -\frac {4 \, a}{b}, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (0, -\frac {4 \, a}{b}, \frac {1}{x}\right )\right )\right )}}{3 \, {\left (a^{2} b x^{3} + a b^{2}\right )}} \]
-2/3*(b*x*sqrt((a*x^3 + b)/x^3) + (a*x^3 + b)*sqrt(b)*weierstrassZeta(0, - 4*a/b, weierstrassPInverse(0, -4*a/b, 1/x)))/(a^2*b*x^3 + a*b^2)
Time = 0.65 (sec) , antiderivative size = 39, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.08 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=- \frac {\Gamma \left (\frac {2}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {2}{3}, \frac {3}{2} \\ \frac {5}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {\frac {b e^{i \pi }}{a x^{3}}} \right )}}{3 a^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{2} \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{3}\right )} \]
-gamma(2/3)*hyper((2/3, 3/2), (5/3,), b*exp_polar(I*pi)/(a*x**3))/(3*a**(3 /2)*x**2*gamma(5/3))
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (a + \frac {b}{x^{3}}\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{3}} \,d x } \]
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (a + \frac {b}{x^{3}}\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{3}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )^{3/2} x^3} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^3\,{\left (a+\frac {b}{x^3}\right )}^{3/2}} \,d x \]